Thursday, April 23, 2009

Charlie's Place

Charlie's got more than cold frames going on. He also has a large, well established garden. While it doesn't look like much right now, in a few months this space will be full of life - and food. I've already mentioned that my favorite tomato came from Charlie's garden. He picks some interesting things to grow like Napa cabbage, many pepper varieties and tomatillos. I look forward to some swapping!

Charlie's seedlings are looking good, too (left: several varieties of peppers). He's kept them inside under a grow light which hastened their growth compared with our flats which experience less consistent, less intense light up in the loft.


These beauties (right) are the new generation of that favorite tomato. I think it's called a Purple Cherokee hierloom (corrections, Charlie?). Charlie showed me the cages he uses for these beasts. Form a circle with your arms with your finger tips barely touching - these little guys will overwhelm a cage that size in a few months - and not a moment too soon.

Fresh Greens in April

Charlie’s harvesting spinach.

Last fall, Charlie built several cold frames for his garden in South Boulder. Cold frames are basic structures which are used to extend your season (with an early start or a later end). With four walls and a glass top, cold frames operate as green houses; heat from the sun becomes trapped in the box to keep plants warm through cold nights. They’re very easy to make. Check out a local used building material source (like the Resource Yard,) to build your own cold frame. Here’s a great guide for building cold frames: http://www.gardengatemagazine.com/main/pdf/coldfram.pdf. But, there’s no need to get too fancy.

While the last three days have been quite hot with intense sun all day long, cold winter nights might still threaten our plants. To protect them, Charlie added those gallon containers to snuggle up with his spinach. Painted black and filled with water, these containers retain heat which they release slowly as cooler temperatures settle in overnight.

Organic Gardening magazine warns cold frame newbies to make sure you don’t bake your plants. According to them, “The temperature inside the cold frame should stay below 75 degrees F for summer plants, below 60 degrees for plants that normally grow in spring and fall. The way to keep temperatures cool inside a cold frame is to lift the lid. A good rule of thumb: when outdoor temperatures are above 40 degrees, prop open the lid 6 inches; when the outdoor temps clear 50 degrees F, remove the lid. Be sure to restore the lid in late afternoon to trap the heat inside for the cool night” (http://www.organicgardening.com/feature/0,7518,s-5-19-106,00.html).

Unfortunately, this spinach has already been baked. Charlie had to pick through the patch to remove scorched leaves. (Scorching seems to be the theme of the week around here.) Despite that, his cold frames have served him well so far. He planted about a month ago and he’s been harvesting spinach for about 2 weeks. That’s a solid 45 days before Brian and I can expect to harvest anything.

As you can see, a good cold frame can be moved. Spinach is frost-tolerant, and hopefully the lowest temperatures are behind us, so Charlie moved the cold frame off his spinach.

If cold frames are considered season extenders, I take this to mean the season has begun!

Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Garden Beans

Yesterday, I checked out Betsy's seedlings. That's Lily Bean keeping close watch. After experiencing some rotting with her first flat, Betsy replanted for a second try. Unfortunately, after their first day in the sun, the new seedlings look really scorched. As already mentioned, the weather here has been very inconsistent: snow last week and seventy-degree weather this week. Further, the sun up here is HOT! I've been warned about the intensity of the sun at our mile-high elevation, but I didn't think it would be a problem until mid-summer.

I'm also not quite convinced it was too much sun that did Betsy's plants in. Brian and I have been moving our 4 just-planted containers outside since Sunday where they get baked in direct sun for most of the day. While transplants are particularly fragile at first, our plants don't seem scorched at all.
Don't give up, Betsy! They might recover after all. Either way, it's great as beginning gardeners to be able to learn from each others' successes and frustrations. Here's to sharing more of the former!

Monday, April 20, 2009

Kale

A casualty of transplanting: this kale isn't looking too good. Luckily (and mainly because of space limitations,) we only transplanted 4 of our 5 kale seedlings. We'll try again, hopefully with more luck.
Kale should be spaced about 18 to 24 inches apart - hard to believe when they're still so small.
We got greedy and packed three seedlings in the 36 centimeter-long container.

Sunday, April 19, 2009

Outside Bound

This afternoon, Brian and I transferred and seeded a bunch of greens. Kale, spinach, mache and arugula all went into their new homes. We transplanted the seedlings which had already been started and seeded a bunch more to fill the containers. For most of these, we left room for more seeds, anticipating more plantings. The spinach, for example, should be planted every two weeks for continuous harvest.

We brought the newly planted containers in for the night - but we'll start hardening them off tomorrow (leaving them outside for increasingly longer periods of time so they adapt to their new environment).

We used about an even mix of potting soil and mushroom compost, adding a few shovel fulls of our own soil left over from last year. We weren't too sure about this mix, but wanted plenty of mushroom compost (which is mainly manure) to make sure all our nitrogen-hungry greens were satisfied.

True Leaves



Boulder is recovering from a big, messy storm. Forecast to dump ten to twenty inches of snow, we instead were inundated with slushy precipitation. It was a nasty few days, but the sun is back and as the snow melts the green of spring emerges. Unheard of in my nine months on the Front Range, the streams and canals around town are flowing. It’s a beautiful day!




While my own ground-less garden won’t directly benefit from the weekend’s downpour, it’s refreshing to see Boulder respond to this much belated drink of water.

Still inside, the seedlings look great! We transferred two garlic chives into small pots – their final home. They stayed inside through the snowy/slushy weekend, though.


Just about all of our seedlings have their true leaves now and are beginning to look like distinguishable plants. Yay!

Saturday, April 18, 2009

Dealing with Drainage







Last week, Charlie dropped off a bunch of wood pallets and more cinder blocks. The wood pallets will go underneath the kiddie pools – otherwise, water wouldn’t be able to drain out of the pools, which might lead to rotting.





I was hoping to have people over Thursday afternoon to paint the cinder blocks – Betsy’s idea – but that’s when the winter storm set in. Hopefully next week…
Also, when Charlie returns from Austin, I’ll visit his garden to take a look at his cold frames.

Monday, April 13, 2009

Local Food Event

WHAT? Around the Table: "Exploring the Spiritual and Psychological Aspects of Food Politics"
WHO? Guest Speakers: Dave Wann, David Georgis, Kipp Nash & Amy Telligman, Facilitated by Rev. Stanley Adamson
WHEN? Saturday, April 25th, Noon to 3 p.m.
HOW MUCH? $15 (Includes Lunch)
WHERE? Hosted at: St. Andrew Presbyterian Church, 3700 Baseline Road, Boulder, Colorado 80303
REGISTRATION? Yes: http://www.interfaceboulder.org/food.html

I thought this was pretty neat as I haven't seen many signs of the faith community participating in the local food movement.
I posted this event because Amy Telligman is a fellow grad student in CU-Boulder's Environmental Studies program. She's very involved in the local food movement and otherwise super cool!

Whose Trade Organization?

"Going local does not mean walling off the outside world. It means nurturing local businesses which use local resources sustainably, employ local workers at decent wages, and serve primarily local consumers. It means becoming more self-sufficient, and less dependent on imports. Control moves from the boardrooms of distant corporations, and back to the community, where it belongs." Michael H. Shuman, from Going Local

Going Local makes a great case for local economies by, among other things, demonstrating their potentially democratic nature as opposed to an unaccountable, non-transparent supranational government, via the World Trade Organization (WTO). The WTO considers many democratically developed laws, which ensure minimum safety standards for workers or protect the environment, barriers to "free" trade - and thus illegal. Like national sovereignty? Forget UN black helicopters. This organization has already challenged even U.S. laws.

For more information:
Anti-WTO perspective from Global Exchange: http://www.globalexchange.org/campaigns/wto/OpposeWTO.html

Pro-WTO perspective from the WTO itself: http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/utw_chap1_e.pdf (may want to jump to page 11)

And, of course, Going Local

What's Local Where You Are?

Check out Local Harvest, an online resource for local eating in your area (not just Boulder):


This picture comes from one local food force in Boulder: the Cultiva! Youth Project. According to their website, Cultiva! "is a youth-operated organic 2 acre market garden, which teaches at-risk youth sustainable agriculture, leadership, entrepreneurial and life skills" (http://www.growinggardens.org/english/programs/youth/cultiva/index.html). Cultiva!'s produce - which is actually grown within city limits - is sold at the farmers' market here in Boulder. Awesome!

Sunday, April 12, 2009

"Eating Off Trucks"

Getting bogged down in the details of this project – what do to about those green bugs, that marauding squirrel – it’s easy to loose sight of what got it all started.

I guess it started with personal responsibility. Brian and I feel a deep commitment to freedom and opportunity. Of course, it is the way we conceptualize these principles that define our politics. While so many of our perspectives are similar and have coevolved over the years, I’ll try to speak, here, only for myself.

The usefulness of labels is surely limited, but for the sake of brevity I identify my ideological home among social justice advocates. For many people with this perspective, we look at the institutions which might expand or limit people’s opportunities. As opposed to many on the Right, we don’t think the state is the only source of unjustified coercion. Economic systems, among other things, do much to determine the range of choices available to people all over the world.

As I began to understand, as a younger woman, how my choices impact people on the other side of the world, I came to see how the personal is political. Our own daily choices (…Do I hop on my bike or drive the car to work?...Do I buy that sweat-shop made gap sweater – it’s sooooo pretty – or wait for Kristie to give me her hand-me-downs?...Do I buy that mocha even though the espresso beans weren’t fairly traded?...) shape the world we share with our global neighbors. But so many of these choices – which amount to important decisions about our world – aren’t decided democratically. Many of them, which determine the environmental and occupational conditions of millions of people, are decided by the design and practice of our economies. That puts a lot of pressure on us consumers.

The rich world’s massive consumption of fossil fuels underscores the impact of our daily choices. It’s no longer just left-wing crazies claiming that our culture won’t stop at war to secure our access to cheap, climate changing fuel. It’s becoming increasingly clear that if the market captured the full cost of so many of the seemingly cheap things we’ve come to like, the price would be prohibitively high. (NOT that many of these costs could ever be compensated for with any number of dollars.)

So what to do? First, we hopped on our bikes. (“Look ma, no gas!”) Man, what a fun way to feel self-righteous. Despite taking a huge chunk out of our direct gas consumption, we knew that we’re still consuming fossil fuels through the transportation requirements of everything else we buy. So we bought less.

Food, however, I couldn’t cut out. Moving to Carbondale, Colorado last year, I met Brook LeVan. Brook is the director of Sustainable Settings, a whole-systems learning center. Brook, too, thinks that our standard of living shouldn’t come at the cost of other people’s ability to live safe, healthy lives. I suppose this is part of his interest in local food systems. Brook wants us to stop, “eating off trucks.”

For one thing, peak oil is threatening our ability to count on trucks in the first place. Two winters ago, massive storms closed I-70, isolating Carbondale from the rest of the world. The trucks that usually brought food to the Roaring Fork Valley couldn’t get there. During the holidays, grocery store shelves were sparsely stocked if not empty. This time, it didn’t become a crisis. The snow was cleared and the trucks eventually came. Nonetheless, the event underscored the dependence Carbondale had – for its very survival – on good weather, operating trucks, ample supplies of cheap gasoline and food distributors willing to trade their life-giving goods for an affordable price. If just one of these factors, among many others, isn’t fulfilled, Carbondale is in big trouble. Minus the severe winter weather, most of the rest of the country is in the same shape. So what happens when we run out of oil? When I asked myself this question, I realized that petroleum doesn’t just “keep America rolling.” It’s much more powerful than that. Our food system, and its infrastructure, requires petroleum – without it, we don’t eat. On that happy note…

…It’s time to play, I’ll continue in an upcoming post. Thanks for reading!!

Saturday, April 11, 2009

Farmers' Market

The farmers' market has resumed in Boulder. Find out what you can get, when, here:

In the picture: Carbondale, Colorado's farmers market.

Wednesday, April 8, 2009

Buddies

We're starting to plan out the garden. It's a huge task. Plus, it'll only bring us closer to realizing we can't fit nearly as many plants as we want...

Nevertheless, we looked into companion plants so that we can take advantage of the benefits our plants can offer each other. While most plants will be relatively isolated in smaller containers, we do have plans for two very large containers. To get the depth and diameter we want for the lowest cost, we plan on using two kiddie pools. More on this later.

The most famous companions are a trio called the Three Sisters - corn, beans and squash. Native Americans made the combo famous.

"Tall corn stalks provide support for pole beans to climb. Beans, through their symbiotic association with a type of root bacteria, fix nitrogen from the air into a form that plants (especially nitrogen-hungry corn) can use. And large, ground-hugging, prickly squash leaves shade out weeds and may deter critters," the National Gardening Association tells us (http://www.kidsgardening.com/growingideas/projects/mar03/pg1.html#sisters).
While the science between companion planting (also called intercropping) is debated. More and more gardeners are using knowledge of potential synergies in their garden planning decisions. Once used almost exclusively in smaller farms and gardens, the National Sustainable Agriculure Information Service (NSAIS) offers information for larger-scale farmers to incorporate intercropping into their systems as well.

The "scientific foundations" behind intercropping are broken down by the NSAIS into seven categories: trap cropping, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, biochemical pest suppression, physical spatial interactions, nurse cropping, beneficial habitats, and security through diversity. More information about intercropping is available at their website (http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/complant.html). This website also has a MUCH more comprehensive listing of companion plants than the one follows.

Plants which are particularly assisted by certain companions will find themselves in the kiddie pools. Bearing this in mind, we came up with a list of companions for our plants. In the following list, the plant listed first is benefited by the plants which follow it.

Peas -> beans
Green and Red Leaf Lettuce -> carrots and radishes
Mesclun mix -> carrots
Tomatoes -> basil
Broccoli -> dill, peppermint and beets
Kale -> dill, peppermit and beets
Zucchini and Squash -> nasturtiums (we don't have any yet)
Beets -> broccoli, tomatoes
Carrots -> peas, lettuce and tomatoes

Also good to keep in mind: Swiss chard does not like living with beans. Bearing this information in mind - as well as space requirements for different plants - we have relegated zucchini, squash, broccoli, dill, mint and possibly some tomatoes to the kiddie pools. Though admittedly tacky, these pools will be the closest our deck comes to an actual garden.

The garden is mapped. I'll unveil the plans in an upcoming blog - I'm sure you're as excited as I am :)

Monday, April 6, 2009

Growing Calendar

Here's a link to a handy vegetable gardener's calendar:
http://growingtaste.com/calendar.shtml

The calendar is based on the growing season and climate of Washington State. Some of the estimates are clearly not right for Boulder - which can have late spring and early fall frosts. But, it's still a helpful calendar which also includes information to keep in mind when planning seeding, transplanting and direct-seeding.

As far as frosts, the Victory Seed Company estimates Boulder's first and last at May 15th and September 20th, respectively.

More Space

The snow is melting. Flashes of green are showing up around semi-arid Boulder. I'm ready for spring but, I know there are a few more frosts in my future.

Sheltered from the cold, our seedlings are growing strong. Only one Chocolate Bell Pepper slot never germinated. After our second planting last week, the greens are looking great - except the Spinach and Mache. No signs of germination there, yet.

The broccoli and kale have been getting spindly and tangled. So, Brian and I moved them into the larger flat (with 18 instead of 72 slots). I used a kitchen knife and small spoon to pry the plants out of their narrow slots. While my technique improved, I hope my sloppiness didn't cost the fragile plants too much.

When transplanting - whether outside or into a bigger flat - remember to water your plant immediately after transplanting it. Prepare the new spot before you take the plant out so that you can put it back into the soil right away. This way, you can reduce exposure to young roots which might otherwise be scorched in the sun.

Gardeners' guides recommend that you start broccoli seeds about 5 to 6 weeks before the last frost. Transplants should move to the garden about 4-5 weeks after they start. Kale is also often transplanted after 4-6 weeks indoors.

When they are moved, it's best to "harden" the plants for about 4 days. Hardening a plant gives it a chance to adapt to a changing environment. By bringing seedlings outside for increasingly longer periods of time each day (and eventually overnight), plants can more gradually transition to their new home outdoors.

5 week old broccoli plants can usually survive frosts, with temperatures as low as 20 degrees for more mature plants. Kale is even more cold-hardy. “Kale not only withstands frost, its flavor is improved with each chill,” says Linda Tilgner in her really great gardening book: Tips for the Lazy Gardener (page 114). The book is full of accessible advice and interesting facts.

This picture shows the newly tranplanted broccoli and kale plants.

Friday, April 3, 2009

Building Foundations

Today, Brian and I made some serious progress. At Charlie’s suggestion, we went with Betsy to the Resource Yard, a source for “reclaimed,” affordable building materials (http://www.resourceyard.org/abtboulder.php). In order to maximize our space and fit as many veggies as possible, we’re planning on building some levels against the walls of our deck. As you can see in the picture to the right, if we’re not creative our deck walls will block crucial sunlight.

We’ll be able to make better use of the space right against the wall (since the wall makes this space too shady) by bringing those plants up closer to the angle of the sun.

While this is a space saving technique, I’ve also read about it as type of permaculture design. Edges and layers are valuable in permaculture as they create unique ecosystems with synergistic effects which might not occur otherwise. The tallest plant in a layered edge may provide wind protection to smaller, more fragile plants. Edge plants might also serve as first defense against feeding insects. “An ecological garden has many layers, from a low herb layer through shrubs and small trees to the large overstory…Together the layers provide diverse habitat, many products and plenty of visual interest,” says Toby Hemenway in his book Gaia’s Garden.


As a cheap and easy way to build layers, we decided on 2 X 10 pieces of wood balanced on cinder blocks. Everything for one wall’s “2nd story” cost us $13 bucks for reused material at the Resource Yard.



We decided to start small and see how this project turned out…














We’ll replicate the process on the east and west side of the deck (the south side is seen in these pictures).
Still doesn’t look like a garden, but some signs of progress nonetheless!

Organic Seeds

Back when we were buying seeds, we noticed that there were organic and non-organic seed options. Betsy and I were talking the other day about what this might mean. If “organic” refers to a growing method, what exactly is an organic seed?

After some research, I’ve concluded that the somewhat ambiguous term refers to seeds that have come from plants which were organically raised. Exactly how many generations must pass after the use of non-organic inputs is unclear. For example, what if the seed came from an organically grown plant which wasn’t itself an organic seed? A farm can only be certified organic after three years of being organic – so the same might apply to the certification of organic seeds. I’m still not quite sure. However, the precise cutoff is simply important as a matter of policy and certification. As far as I can tell, an “organic” seed and a seed from a plant which was itself grown organically are the same. Some recommend marking the cutoff more stringently in order to support organic growing methods in general.

I’d appreciate any comments from someone who can clarify this issue more thoroughly – thanks!

Wednesday, April 1, 2009

Greenhouse Flat


Seedlings about 10 days after planting seeds. The top of the flat operates as a green house and is propped up on one side so that the taller tomato seedlings can grow unobstructed. After seedlings sprout it's a good idea to prop open your top to allow air flow to deter mold.